Research shows that the only way to get families enough clean water for consumption and improved hygiene is through a household tap—but >80% of rural African families don’t even have clean water within reasonable walking distance. Water Access Rwanda upgrades (or builds) and staffs central water points in villages as a first engagement, then encourages customers to upgrade to piped household water. Like electrical “mini-grids”, the benefit is distributed directly to their home increasing both usage and benefits. They are demonstrating that rural water businesses can work if the upfront costs of infrastructure is subsidized.